What challenges do high levels of certain fats or impurities in cod liver oil pose during biodiesel production?

Cod liver oil contains high levels of PUFAs, moisture, phospholipids, and sometimes heavy metals or vitamins (like A and D), which can affect transesterification efficiency and final fuel stability. These components may cause emulsions, oxidation, or soap formation if not removed. Proper drying, neutralization, and degumming are essential before biodiesel conversion. The GlobeCore USB system ensures stable reactions through precise temperature, mixing, and settling control, minimizing the impact of these impurities and maximizing biodiesel quality.