What do furans in transformer oil indicate?

Furans in transformer oil are byproducts that form during the thermal breakdown of cellulose insulation materials within transformers. Their presence is a significant indicator of insulation degradation and can be indicative of the health of the transformer. Elevated levels of furans point to the aging of the transformer’s insulation system and suggest potential operational issues that, if not addressed, could lead to transformer failure. Monitoring furans in transformer oil is essential for predictive maintenance, as it helps in assessing the condition of both the oil and the insulation, thereby enabling timely intervention and maintenance strategies to ensure the reliability and longevity of transformer operations.