Walnut oil generally has low free fatty acid (FFA) content, allowing base-catalyzed transesterification without pre-treatment. However, the high unsaturation may require antioxidants to enhance storage stability of the biodiesel. Another consideration is oil purity—residual moisture or solids can affect reaction efficiency. The GlobeCore USB plant manages this through built-in pre-heating, mixing, and chemical dosing systems, reducing soap formation and ensuring consistent conversion. Minimal challenges exist compared to other feedstocks, making walnut oil relatively easy to process.