What additives are used in cutting oil and what benefits do they provide?

Extreme Pressure (EP) Additives: Contain sulfur, chlorine, or phosphorus compounds to prevent welding and galling under high pressure.
Anti-Wear Agents: Form protective films to reduce friction and wear on tool surfaces.
Corrosion Inhibitors: Protect machine parts and workpieces from rust and corrosion.
Emulsifiers: Help oil and water mix uniformly in water-soluble fluids.
Biocides: Control bacterial and fungal growth, extending fluid life.
Defoamers: Reduce foam formation that can interfere with fluid delivery.
Stabilizers: Enhance fluid stability under varying temperatures and conditions.