In typical installations, TOR-5 stores data locally first, on its own controller or on a plant server, and only then optionally synchronizes it to a central server or cloud. This architecture is chosen for reliability: even if the network or internet connection is lost, all measurements continue and are buffered locally. Whether data are sent to the cloud depends on the customer’s IT policy and configuration. Many utilities prefer on-premise servers for cybersecurity reasons, while others use cloud platforms for remote access and fleet-level analysis.